• James Nachtwey’s Powerful XDR-TB Photography

    I try not to link to TED Talks as I believe doing so will just add to the millions around the Internet already doing so (plus, I hope everyone visiting here already subscribes to the TED Talks RSS feed).

    Today, however, l feel compelled to do so after viewing James Nachtwey’s heartbreaking photographs of people suffering from the drug-resistant XDR-TB.

    Photojournalist James Nachtwey sees his TED Prize wish come true, as we share his powerful photographs of XDR-TB, a drug-resistant strain of tuberculosis that’s touching off a global medical crisis. Learn how to help at http://www.xdrtb.org

    James Nachtwey: my favourite photographer and protagonist in War Photographer – my favourite documentary.

  • Top 10 Nobel Snubs

    As the 2008 Nobel Laureates are announced, SciAm looks at the top 10 Nobel snubs – those who undoubtedly deserved the award, but never did:

    • Lise Meitner: left out of the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of nuclear fission
    • Oswald Avery: never won a Nobel for showing that genes are made of DNA, not protein
    • John Bahcall: left out of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics for research on solar neutrinos
    • Albert Schatz: no 1952 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of streptomycin
    • Rosalind Franklin: her work on the structure of DNA never received a Nobel
    • Jocelyn Bell Burnell: frozen out of the 1974 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of pulsars
    • Victor Ambros, Gary Ruvkun and David Baulcombe: missed out on the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology
    • Keith Porter: 1974 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for innovations in cell biology
    • Ralph Alpher: missed out on the 1978 and 2006 Nobel Prizes in Physics
    • Josiah Gibbs and Dimitri Mendeleev: missed out on the early Nobel Prize in Chemistry

    In addition I can’t help but notice that these two were snubbed from this list too:

    • Einstein for never receiving a Nobel for his achievement in developing special or general relativity or the famous E=mc2 equation of mass–energy equivalence (he did, however, receive a Nobel in 1921 for explaining the photoelectric effect in terms of quantum theory: essentially inventing the concept of photons).
    • Fritz Zwicky for presenting ideas about neutron stars and supernovae in 1934.

    Of course, Einstein and Zwicky were theorists, and the Nobel committee has never looked kindly on theorists, preferring those who conduct key experiments instead.

    Again, on top of all of these are the countless other scientists who have been denied a Nobel Prize simply because they died before the importance of their discovery was shown: Nobel Prizes are never awarded posthumously.

    via Seed

  • Public Servant Blogs

    BBC null - Law in Action

    Listening to Law in Action this week, I noticed that it’s now being broadcast not on BBC Radio 4, but on BBC null.

    Really though, I was listening to Clive Coleman’s show this week as he profiled (if swiftly) three of the four public servant bloggers that I subscribe to:

    I also regularly read the blog of Stuart Gray, a registered paramedic. All controversial, all interesting (to UK readers, at least).

  • Oxford and Cambridge Lectures on iTunes

    The universities of Oxford and Cambridge have announced that they are to make lectures by well-known academics available for free through iTunes U.

    Oxford will publish 150 hours of free video and audio podcasts of lectures and ideas from what it described as “world-leading thinkers”.

    Meanwhile the University of Cambridge […] is making more than 300 podcasts available, [preferring the tag “world-leading experts” for the range of material it’s offering through iTunes.]

    Of course, Oxford and Cambridge aren’t the first to sign-up, as this simple Google search shows.

    via The Register

  • The Best Personal Library

    I’ve seen many personal libraries: few that—like David—induce jealousy, fewer still that I truly covet, and none that compel me to blog.

    At least that was until I saw Jay Walker’s library. The photographs of the Internet entrepreneur’s library alone are awe inspiring. Then I started reading.

    via Kottke

  • Two Stories of Escaping WW2 POW Camps

    The fascinating story of how Waddington’s Monopoly sets were used to help captured Allied soldiers escape from Nazi POW camps:

    In 1941, the British Secret Service approached Waddington with its master plan, and before long, production of a “special edition” Monopoly set was underway. For the top-secret mission, the factory set aside a small, secure room—unknown to the rest of its employees—where skilled craftsmen sat and painstakingly carved small niches and openings into the games’ cardboard boxes. Along with the standard thimble, car, and Scotty dog, the POW version included additional “playing” pieces, such as a metal file, a magnetic compass, and of course, a regional silk escape map, complete with marked safe-houses along the way—all neatly concealed in the game’s box. Even better, some of the Monopoly money was real. Actual German, Italian, and French currency was placed underneath the play money for escapees to use for bribes.

    I have a certain fondness for stories such as these.

    My late grandfather was a WW2 POW in Capua 66 on the plains below Mount Vesuvius, Italy. After escaping from the camp, he made made his way 750km north, past Rome, to Milan where he stayed in a safe-house/restaurant run by a Welsh woman (from Cardiff, now my home town). Once winter passed and the snows subsided, he then made his way another 250km north, over the Alps, into Switzerland where he worked, hidden, on a farm before eventually making his way back to Allied land.

    That was just one of the stories my grandfather revealed to me in the months before his death a few weeks ago. Before then, few knew that he witnessed the first V-2 rocket attack on the UK (while on leave after arriving back to the UK following his POW experience), or that he had served in the same unit as Spike Milligan and Harry Secombe‘s brother, Fred, while in Tunisia (where he, and many others, were captured and sent to the POW camp).

    Stories like this are so humbling.

  • UK Digital Rights Landscape

    Suw Charman-Anderson, founder and first Executive Director of the wonderful UK-based digital rights organisation, Open Rights Group, has produced an informative ‘mind map’ of the UK digital rights ‘landscape’.

    As this was created over three years ago, an up-to-date and completed version would be of great interest.

  • Committed to Past Constraints: QWERTY

    Something I’ve never thought of reading before: the history of the QWERTY keyboard:

    With the assistance of […] Carlos Glidden and Samuel W. Soule, [Christopher Sholes] built an early writing machine for which a patent application was filed in October 1867. However, Sholes’ “Type Writer” had many defects, [including] the tendency of the typebars to clash and jam if struck in rapid succession.

    Sholes struggled for the next six years to perfect his invention, making many trial-and-error rearrangements of the original machine’s alphabetical key arrangement in an effort to reduce the frequency of typebar clashes. Eventually he arrived at a four-row, upper case keyboard approaching the modern QWERTY standard.

    As Donald Norman says in The Psychology/Design of Everyday Things, “We are committed to it, even though it was designed to satisfy constraints that no longer apply, was based on a style of typing no longer used, and is difficult to learn.”

    It made me think: what other ‘everyday things’ are committed to past constraints, and in my work do I design to any?

  • The Population Decline

    At Long Bets, a project of The Long Now Foundation where he is a board member, Kevin Kelly has predicted that “by 2060 the total population of humans on earth will be less than it is today“.

    The biggest driver of the shift from large families to small families is communication technology and education. As these techniques come into place the switch to lower birth rates is faster than what demographers have expected. And they are more permament.

    Current estimates of the world’s peak population are made with assumptions that don’t take into account the major role that globalization is having.

    This means the earth’s population will reach its peak sooner than official forecasts predict and because there is no visible counterforce compelling the majority of couples to have more than 3 kids each, world population will rapidly fall after reaching its peak.

    It will diminish to our level by 2060 and keep falling.

  • The Cost of Firing: A Comparison of Severance Packages

    With cost-cutting and downsizing on peoples’ minds, The Economist compares the cost of firing people around the world.

    America, New Zealand and Tonga are among the most company-friendly countries, requiring no penalties or compensation to fire a full-time employee of 20 years. By contrast, a business in Zimbabwe must shell out well over eight years’ worth of pay to sack a worker. But companies in Venezuela and Bolivia are even more tied—workers there cannot be fired at all.